REMINISCENCES OF OREGON PIONEERS, East Oregon Publishing Co., Pendleton,
Oregon 1937, pp.76-79
EARLY STAGE DRIVERS, By Mrs. John Hailey, Jr.
In 1863 John Hailey, Sr., and "Uncle Billy Ish" started saddle
trains from Umatilla Landing and Walla Walla to Boise basin mines. This
forms one of the earliest chapters in the history of the staging business, which
lasted until the 80's, when by degrees the stages were pulled off the various
routes in Utah, Idaho, Oregon, Washington and California.
During the years of flourishing business many men were employed as
drivers whose real names were never known to their employers. A certain
name, or nickname, would be registered with a description of the route and the
stock to be handled. Perhaps some peculiar personal description would
circulate by word of mouth from one division to another, but a fellow's past was
in his own keeping.
Several years ago, Judge Stephen A. Lowell and Mr. Himes, custodian
of the Oregon Historical rooms, called upon me to write an article for the
Historical Quarterly on stage drivers. I applied to Father Hailey for
data. He said, "Bless your heart, child. I never inquired into the
men's history and besides most of the early day drivers had assumed names, or
nicknames. My business was to secure sober, competent drivers."
However, he later sent me a list of names on the payroll of Hailey, Gilmer and
Salisbury lines.
I then turned to the late George Quimby, who was living in Portland
and looking just as young as when he had driven stage between La Grande and
Baker some thirty years before. Mr. Quimby possessed a marvelous memory,
but when he learned why I wanted him to talk about staging days, he said in his
Vermont drawl, "Wall, Parrie, if you hadn't mentioned anything about a blamed
sassiety I calklate I could have spun yahns from now till the furder end of next
week, but if you say paper or sassiety to me, I'll be danged if I can think of a
danged thing."
Unfortunately I had committed the error; but incidentally he told
me of the "nervousest" man who ever rode with him. Said he, "I wonder if
Reuben Alexander is still living in Pendledton?" I informed him that Mr.
Alexander was still a respected citizen; whereupon he added, "Wall, sir, I was
driving from La Grande to Baker. Alex rode on the front boot with me and
he told me he was going up to Baker to get married. Wall he was the
nervousest thing I ever saw, so I just threw leather into the hosses' hides
again my conscience to hurry him along to his gal. At the last swing
station this side of Baker I got a skittish kind of a brute in place of a jaded
wheeler, and I had to keep my mind on my driving. To jolly Reuben up a
little I said, 'Now lookee here, son, no one is going to steal your gal before
you get there and if you don't kam down, I'm going to strap you in the hind
boot'. Wall, sir, he kept getting nervouser and nervouser until, by
gunnies, he was beginning to give me the Jimmies. I slowed down some and
said, 'Say, son, have you got the colic?' and by bonnies! what do you
think ailed him--it wa'nt his gal he was worried over but my pets, my hosses
that were hurrying him along to his wedding--By Gunnies!!"
The regular drivers were almost without exception kind, fun-loving
open-handed fellows. They knew practical psychology and they could always
pick out any "dead beat" among the passengers, and they seldom failed in their
estimate of those whom they considered the "real stuff." They were lovers
of horses and there was no uncertainty for any length of time about the horses'
names. Sometimes they were namesakes of sweethearts, but more frequently,
characteristic appellations--i.e., "Black Nick and Lofty," "Swayback and Baldy,"
"Ginger and Blue Dick," "Weasel and Hawk," "Nig and Coley," etc.
I recall the name of one team, or rather of one horse with a
peculiar sensation of shock. Riding along the tiresome Snake River desert
land in Eastern Idaho, with a driver who never spoke except to admonish Greeley
to "look out there" or "get over there" I timidly inquired the name of Greeley's
running mate. Laconically he answered, "Damfool." All attempt to be
sociable was squelched on my part, but later, I learned that "Damfool" was a
real hoss, and, paradoxically had become quite a favorite. The Jehu had
simply been admonishing Greeley not to impose upon him.
Perhaps Pendleton people may remember genial John Lemon, at one
time a division agent in Pendleton; also Jerry Crowder, a Virginian by birth.
Mr. Crowder drove in the 60's when but 16 years old. He came west with a
man named Parker. He also was a division agent in Pendleton, but mostly a
driver on the Walla Walla or La Grande routes. He died in La Grande but is
buried in Olney cemetery. Other drivers of the late 60's, 70's, and 80's
are George Richmond, Jack Gilmer, Joe weather, Charley Haines, Bill Lockwood,
and Bill Wellman. In staging circles Mr. Wellman was familiarly called
"Colusa Bill."
There were rival companies in California and opposition stages had
to cross the Colusa river on the same ferry; the stage getting there first would
secure the boat, so considerable rivalry was created. On one occasion both
arrived at the same time and Bill's opponent secured the ferry. Bill,
however, swam his horses across and so arrived first.
George Shannon, with a span of horses, was drowned in the John Day
river at the time of the flood about which so many pioneers have written.
Shannon and John Hailey, Jr., were trying to save the horses. John put the
mail sack on one horse, planning to ride the other. After many trials,
John carried the mail on his own back the last three miles into The Dalles.
He arrived an hour late and the mail contract money of several thousand dollars
was forfeited.
I could write a long chapter of tragedies that occurred when the
Wells-Fargo Company's strong boxes filled with gold dust or coin were carried by
stage with often only the driver to guard their safe transportation. We
shall pass over these stories of gloom. However, on one occasion some bold
men were defeated of plunder. John Hailey, Jr., was sent in charge of a
box holding about $30,000 to be delivered to Wells-Fargo agents at Winnemucca,
Nevada. At Silver City a party was to be given in honor of a cousin of the
Hailey's. John was prevailed upon to "lay over" until next stage.
The box was placed at the bank and the party enjoyed. "Road agents" had
heard of the expected transfer of money and were on hand to overhaul the stage
at a lonely spot. John's conscience for having delayed the box several
hours was quite relieved.
A story which has appeared in print about the late C. S. Jackson was not
given quite in full. John Hailey, Jr., assistant manager of the routes,
received a complaint that thorough braces ordered for a division below Pendleton
had not been recieved. A stage without these braces rivaled a torture of
the Inquisition--the braces were used to support the body of the Concords and
acted as supports. Mr. Hailey not only sent out tracers, but traveled
hastily to Pendleton from Boise. Upon entering the stage office where the
braces had been lying for some time, he exclaimed, "Why, Jack, didn't you
forward the braces as ordered?" Placidly Mr. Jackson answered, "Because
they haven't come." Pointing to them Mr. Hailey said, "What do you call
that?" To which the reply came, "Just a pile of leather. I thought
braces were all same as galluses to hold the drivers' trousers up."
Some other names found on the old payroll are Barney Keenan, Jimmy
Rogers, Sam Howery, Johnny Carpenter, Sam Logan, Rube Warren, Lee Gattard,
Charles Barns, C. C. McCoy, George Shannon, George Luce, Marris, Joe James, and
a man who drove the first stage out of Umatilla was Mr. Carr, from Portland, his
first name is not given. Also on the payroll, along various branches of
the roads were Jake Chase, Billy Heiss, Phil Pencil, Ben Pierce, Henry Dunn, Tom
Rankin, Dave Taylor, Sol Warmley and old Tom Petit. I believe Tom must
have been called "old" a few hours after birth. He was, however, one of
the Ben Holiday drivers, faithful to his calling as long as the old Concords
ambled through the canyons and over the sage-brush flats. He drove mostly
in Oregon and Idaho. Old Tom wore a hickory shirt and it was said he never
put on extra clothing; he never wore an overcoat during the coldest storms.
One man who nagged him, out of friendly solicitude, was reminded there had been
a hanging up the creek, and if he didn't close his "trap" about overcoats, there
might be another. Later poor old Tom paid the penalty for this lack of
bodily care with weary years of rheumatism. Old timers who knew "Tom"
usually agree that the tough old pirate had a heart of the true metal and he was
sincerely mourned when he died a few years ago in Boise.
Many early day drivers like the late J. M. Lesley of La Grande,
(who by the way was called Jimmy Cutter in Ben Holiday times), and many others
have received recognition among the builders of greater Oregon.
Jack Dillon, or "Rattling Jack," must not be forgotten. Many
a person still living could give a favorable testimonial to Jack's expert
driving. He had a happy faculty of making all parts of the stage equipment
rattle, just to make a noisy and spectacular entry into the home station.
The boys said he even could make his own brain rattle, but he was a rattling
good driver just the same.
There are many persons, especially of the younger generation, who
do not appreciate why memory hovers over the old stage coach days. It was
a treat to see the stages come in and start out. The spirited horses knew
they had to gratify their drivers by showing off. Trunks, baggage and
people loaded into or on top of the coach. Good, bad and indifferent folk
chummed for the length of the journey, bumped heads and noses, but many lasting
friendships were cemented in stage trip days. I have ridden many weary,
dusty miles over the old routes. I am glad to have had the experience, but
rejoice over good roads, automobiles and airplanes.